Pythagorus Theorem
For right-angled triangles, the Pythagorus Theorem lets us calculate a side length from any of the other two.

The Pythagorus Theorem is:
In the case of the 3, 4, 5 triangle (see previous section), then:
If we’re missing a side length, then we can use it to work backwards.
If we look at a triangle whose hypotenuse is of length 1, the other two sides (going back to the SohCahToa) have a length of sinθ and cosθ. The Pythagorus Theorem gives us:
This is known as the Pythagorean Identity. It relates sine and cosine to each other and is an important tool for manipulating and simplifying trigonometric equations.
Proof

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